What sewing technique helps to secure layers of fabric before the final stitching?

The technique that helps to secure layers of fabric before the final stitching is basting. Basting involves using long, temporary stitches, often with a contrasting thread, to hold fabric layers in place. This is particularly useful when working with multiple layers of fabric, as it ensures they stay aligned and secure, preventing any shifting during the final stitching process.

Basting is important in several sewing applications, such as when constructing garments or quilts, where precise alignment is critical for achieving a professional finish. After the basting stitches are in place, the sewer can more confidently sew the final stitches, knowing that the layers won't move or shift.

Other techniques listed, such as pinning, also help secure fabric but are not considered a stitching technique. Gathering is a method used to create fullness in fabric, and fraying refers to the wear and damage of fabric edges, which does not contribute to securing layers before sewing.