What is the method of finishing a seam allowance to prevent fraying or unraveling called?

The method of finishing a seam allowance to prevent fraying or unraveling is known as serging. Serging typically involves using a serger machine, which simultaneously trims the fabric edge and stitches an overlock stitch, thereby enclosing the raw edges. This technique is efficient and creates a clean, professional finish, which is particularly useful for fabrics that are prone to fraying, such as knits or delicate materials.

While options like binding and overlocking are also related to finishing techniques, serging specifically refers to the use of a serger machine for this purpose, making it the most precise choice. Binding generally involves applying a separate strip of fabric to the edge of a seam, whereas overlocking may refer to the stitch itself produced by a serger. Therefore, serging stands out as the most comprehensive method to finish off a seam allowance effectively.